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      Archidamus III, the Spartan who died in Manduria

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      Archidamus III defeated the Arcadians in 367 BC but was himself defeated by them in 364 BC at Cromnus. In 362 BC he showed great courage in the defense of Sparta against the Theban commander Epaminondas.

      During his reign Archidamus supported the Phocians against Thebes in the Third Sacred War of 355-346 BC. In 346 BC he went to Crete to help the city of Lyttos in the fight against Knossos, during the so-called Foreign War.

      In 343 BC the Spartan colony of Taranto asked Sparta for help in the war against the Italic populations, especially against the Messapians and the Lucanians.

      In 342 BC Archidamus arrived in Italy with a fleet and an army and fought against these peoples, but in 338 BC he found death in battle, according to Plutarch under the walls of the city of Mendonion (perhaps today's Manduria).

       

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