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Quintus Ennius is a key figure in the history of Latin literature, known for his contributions to poetry and drama. His birth in Rudiae and his education in a multicultural context allowed him to assimilate and mix different influences, making him an innovator in the use of the Latin language. His works, especially the “Annales”, an epic poem that tells the history of Rome, were pioneers in giving literary dignity to Latin in an era dominated by Greek culture.
This epic poem, composed of 18 books, narrates in chronological order the salient events of the history of Rome, starting from the arrival of the legendary Aeneas. Its main innovation lies in the introduction of the hexameter, a heroic verse that replaced the traditional Saturnian, thus giving a new dimension to Latin poetry and laying the foundations for future generations.
Ennius' life was marked by significant experiences and encounters with prominent figures in the Rome of his time. After serving in Sardinia in 204 BC, he was accompanied to Rome by Cato, where he formed friendships with illustrious figures such as Scipio Africanus and Scipio Nasica. Despite his growing fame and the recognition he received, Ennius lived the last years of his life in poverty, dedicating himself passionately to writing until his death in 169 BC.
In addition to his main work, the “Annales”, Ennius also wrote numerous tragedies, comedies and minor works, many of which were inspired by the rich Greek tradition. Although much of his work has not survived, the fragments that have come down to us reveal his ability to portray Roman characters and the beauty of the natural landscape. His ability to evoke emotion and his vibrant poetry are elements that emerge clearly from the few remaining verses.
Ennius had a significant influence on many later poets, from Cicero to Virgil, and his legacy continues to be celebrated as fundamental to Latin literature. His work pioneered a new form of poetic expression, helping to define Rome's cultural and literary identity.
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