Otranto, the city that makes you lose your mind

Otranto is a historic and fascinating city located on the Adriatic coast of Salento, in Puglia. It is the easternmost municipality in Italy, as well as an important maritime reference point, as it is located at the beginning of the Otranto Channel, which serves as a link between the Adriatic Sea and the Ionian Sea. Its strategic position has given the city a particular importance since ancient times, making it a center of trade and cultural exchanges.

The name Otranto derives from the Latin Hydruntum, associated with the short Idro stream that flows in the southern part of the urban center. This stream was once a long and navigable river.

The history of Otranto is rich and varied, with origins dating back to prehistoric times. Initially inhabited by the Messapians, the city came under Roman rule, becoming an important maritime municipality. During the Roman period it stood out as one of the most crucial ports in Puglia, promoting trade and craftsmanship, particularly in the processing of purple and fabrics.

In the Middle Ages, Otranto established itself as a focal point between East and West, hosting a significant Jewish community and becoming a center of culture and knowledge. On August 11, 1480, the city suffered a devastating attack by the Turkish forces of Mehmet II. This event led to the tragic massacre of about 800 men, who were beheaded for not denying their Christian faith, an episode commemorated by the Holy Martyrs of Otranto.

The town is renowned for its extraordinary wealth of historical and cultural monuments that tell its long and complex history, starting from the Cathedral of the Annunziata, built between 1080 and 1088, is famous for its magnificent floor mosaic created by the monk Pantaleone. The architectural structure is a fine example of Romanesque style with Byzantine influences.

The Aragonese Castle, commissioned by Alfonso of Aragon between 1485 and 1498, is a majestic defensive construction that has undergone numerous renovations over the centuries, while still respectfully maintaining its original charm. Inside the walls there is a delightful civic museum.

The Church of St. Peter is a notable example of Byzantine art, with frescoes dating back to various periods, dating from the 10th to the 14th century.

The Church of the Madonna dell’Altomare, built in a panoramic position, features decorations inspired by the sea, reflecting the city’s maritime tradition.

Otranto is the seat of an archiepiscopal diocese and has a community actively involved in the preservation of local traditions. During the year, the city hosts various festivities, the most significant of which is the celebration of the Holy Martyrs, which takes place on August 14. This celebration represents a moment of great spiritual and cultural importance for the inhabitants.

Otranto is the easternmost city in Italy. In fact, every year on New Year's Eve, the "first" dawn in Italy is celebrated. Often, in conjunction with the event, film and music festivals are held. Among others, the Otranto Film Festival, directed by the actress and director Stefania Rocca, dedicates a series of screenings and a calendar of events dotted with free film lessons and masterclasses.